smission)()A=-log(transmission).ThereforeA=kct.Iftisconstant,thenAαC.Inthissystem,thebasicrequirementistomeasureopticaldensity/absorbanceandthenconcentrationofthetestparameterunderrunaccurately.(ii)Microcontroller-basedhardwareFigurerepresentsthebasicmodulesofthesystem;alightsource,anopticalmodule,afilterwheel,aquartzcuvettewithreactionmixture,aphotodetector,andsignalprocessingcircuitrybasedonmicrdglucose,urea,protein,bilirubin,andsoforth,andalsotomeasureandobserveenzymegrowthoccurredwhileperformingtheotherbiochemicaltestssuchasALT(alkalineaminotransferase),amylase,AST(aspartateaminotransferase),andsoforth.Thebiochemicaltestsareveryimportantastheyareassociatedwithvariousdisordersanddiseasessuchasdiabetes,renaldiseases,livermalfunctions,andothermetabolicderangements.Thequantisationoftheseparametershelphfulinclassifyingsuchdiseases,andunderappropriatecircumstances,resultsareusedfordiagnosticpurposes.Inrecentyears,automationinclinicalchemistryhasprogressedwithachangefromrigi